Passive solar design uses the structural elements of a building for heating and ventilation, which requires careful consideration of the local climate and solar energy resource, building orientation and landscape features.

A passive system optimises the use of locally available energy sources. In architectural terms, this generally refers to the heating, lighting and cooling of an enclosed space.

There are six major principles of passive design:
•  Orientation: alignment of a building to allow maximum sunshine for warmth and lighting. The use of the rooms should be considered so that frequently occupied rooms are positioned to the south side of the building to take advantage of natural heating and lighting.

•  Glazing: correct sizing and positioning of windows to maximise heat gain and natural lighting when required, with shading provision to prevent over heating.

•  Thermal mass: heat is absorbed by a heat retaining material and is released over time into the building thereby reducing internal temperature fluctuations.

•  Insulation: minimising heat losses from the roof, doors, windows and floors.

•  Ventilation: fresh air supply. It could be drawn through underground ducts, which would heat the air in winter and cool it in summer.

•  Zoning: The use of the rooms should be considered so that frequently occupied rooms are positioned to the south side of the building to take advantage of natural heating and lighting.

Incorporating elements of passive solar design can have many benefits. The comfort of the occupant in increased, with more stable temperatures and a regular flow of clean air. Building running costs can be reduced if the reliance of mechanical or electrical heating, cooing and lighting can be reduced. Research shows that working in a well-lit, well-ventilated area can enhance productivity.

You have nothing to lose! Applying the principles of passive solar design will reduce the building's environmental impact, reduce the energy consumption of the building and improve the comfort levels for the users. All of these measures will be viewed very positively for the building's energy assessment. Moreover, the development may, as a result, become a more suitable site for renewable energy technolgy.

Buildings designed using the six principles outlined above do not have to cost any more than a building constructed using 'standard' building methods; all that is required is a careful consideration and a little innovative design. Considering the energy consumption of the building during the early stages means that the installed size of renewable energy technology to meet certain policy requirements is reduced. Also, technologies such as ground source heating, which offer a high energy output compared to the initial energy input, can be incorporated.

Please email or call CEN on 020 8683 6694 for further information or advice.